When reducing the pipe size, not only can noise increase, but it decreases the passage way in which larger debris/object and get stuck easier. At 1.5 there isn't much in a tank that won't pass thru. Worst cases scenario, then the emergency kicks in. If this happens you know you have a clog. However, in the event that the full siphon fails, the open drain kicks in as a full siphon when the water raises to the tube that dangles just above the overflow's water line. To add to that.the second drain is technically called an open drain. And that 1" would be class 200 piping and not schedule 40 or 80. On a 55g or less tank, I would chance a 1". I would go 1.25 at the least for verticals though. You will be happy you have a drain system that can handle it without having to redo it. Add the sump water and you will need to turn that x times per hour. On a 130g, I would recommend the exact setup as Bean himself though. There are weir calculators on the net that will give you the needed size for your overflow piping. Now there is nothing wrong with going with a 1.25 or 1.5 emergency, its just more cost involved. With all three drains going (if needed) there is plenty of flow. The open siphon will kick in way before the emergency in normal operation if needed. Only time it should kick in is when power is lost and the system re-primes itself. It is the redundant factor in the system. The emergency overflow is fine where it is. That is the route I will be going once I get to building my 150g or 180g next year. Most people just use what bean designed and call it a day. Not enough and you will have to redo the whole system. Better to have more capacity than not enough. You don't have to put ball valves on all three but the full siphon must have one. Thats why there is a ball valve to control the flow on the full siphon at the least. The 1" to a 1.5 will flow at 1000+ gph, more than enough for most. It can be done but you definitely need to run a pump that will not out perform the overflow itself and use a ball valve on the return to regulate it. If you used a 1" in your vertical, you limited the overflow itself. It's like using a coffee straw to drink a shake instead of using a normal straw. Also the bigger pipe allows a quieter operation due to the way water wraps around a pipe and leaves the center of the pipe hollow unless under full siphon. I am entry level plumber designer so trust me on this one, lol. As far as the 1.5 being too big, in a vertical stack a gravity fed pipe will flow alot more water the bigger the pipe is vs a horizontal pipe. Otherwise he would have gone 1.5 all the way. Bean stated that he used 1" bulkheads because that is what he had on hand for the experiment.
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